Archive for June, 2011
Calcium
Although calcium (Ca) is considered a secondary macronutrient, it is the most important element in a number of ways. Calcium forms stable soil aggregates, giving the soil the structural capacity to hold nutrients and absorb water and air, promoting prolific microbial and earthworm activity. Calcium also blocks entry of unwelcome invaders, neutralizes toxins, provides a component for cell walls and assists in root development, movement of carbohydrates, protein synthesis and reproductive tissue production.
Soils low in calcium usually have poor structure, reducing water penetration and nutrient, air and water holding capacity. These conditions stress plants and increase susceptibility to insect attack and disease causing organisms. Excessive magnesium and low calcium tend to compound the situation by further tightening the soil and making it more anaerobic.
Burn Off
AMSOIL OE 15w-40 Synthetic Diesel Oil is formulated for improved heat and oxidation resistance over conventional petroleum oil for cleaner engine operation. It maintains power and fuel efficiency for superior engine performance. OE Diesel Oil’s dependable cold temperature flow assures easier startup and improved post startup protection.
Due to its low rate of volatility (burn off), AMSOIL OE 15w-40 Synthetic Diesel Oil is able to reduce oil consumption and emissions. It maintains film strength even during high temperature operating conditions to ensure dependable protection, performance and fuel efficiency.
Gypsum
To decrease soil magnesium levels, apply compost and gypsum and grow cover crops. Gypsum (calcium sulfate) should be applied twice the first year and once per year thereafter to leach out the excess magnesium. Apply compost according to the recommendations given under organic matter and return crop residue to the soil when possible.
To increase soil magnesium levels, apply dolomite (a source of calcium and magnesium). Never apply more then 50 lbs. per 1,000 sq.ft. (1 ton/acre) at once. The soil should be retested for magnesium after each application.
Low Sulfated Ash
AMSOIL OE 15w-40 Synthetic Diesel Oil is a low sulfated ash formulation that meets the requirements for low emission quality diesel oil and protects under the most severe conditions found in modern diesel engines. It is compatible with all exhaust treatment devices and is designed for engines equipped with diesel particulate filters (DPF).
AMSOIL OE 15w-40 Synthetic Diesel Oil is formulated with premium synthetic base stocks and robust detergent/dispersant additives that keep soot particles from growing and forming larger wear causing particles. It allows for optimal soot related viscosity control to maintain stay in grade performance.
OE Diesel Synthetic Oil
OE 15w-40 Synthetic Diesel Oil meets API CJ-4 specifications and is suitable for modern and older, on and off-road diesel applications. It is an excellent entry level product for customers who want to move up to synthetic quality, but won’t pay a significantly higher price than a conventional oil or aren’t initially interested in extending their drain intervals.
OE 15w-40 Synthetic Diesel Oil is ideal for those applications excluded from the extended drain interval recommendations of Premium API CJ-4 Synthetic Diesel Oil due to persistent fuel dilution issues, including 2007 to present light duty GM, Ford and Dodge diesel pickups and 2007 to 2009 Caterpillar C13 and C15 on highway engines. It exceeds the higher performance demands of modern engines and withstands the stress of heat, soot and acids to help prevent deposits, wear and corrosion.
Chlorophyll Molecule
Magnesium (Mg) is considered a secondary macronutrient. Because the chlorophyll molecule is built around an atom of magnesium, this element is essential for plant growth and survival. Although most soils in the U.S. contain adequate levels of magnesium, a few highly- leached areas in the eastern U.S. require additional magnesium. It is more common to find situations where magnesium is high to excessive. Soils with high to excessive magnesium levels are described as clays (the stickiest, heaviest clays are often described as gumbos) because magnesium is part of the crystalline lattice in the clay fraction of the soil.
Because the soil is so dense, excessive magnesium levels cause anaerobic conditions, and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium levels become deficient. The nitrification process is reversed and nitrite is formed in a process called denitrification. Under these conditions, organic matter is processed into methanol, which is toxic to the microbial population in the soil. The result is lifeless, sticky soil which becomes easily waterlogged during rainy periods and will not take up water when it becomes encrusted during drought.
Root Zone
Banded applications of AGGRAND Natural Fertilizer and Natural Kelp and Sulfate of Potash supply potassium directly to the root zone. These fertilizers are banded in varying rates depending on potassium fertility and crop demands. Root crops and perennial crops require higher levels of potassium than other crops. To increase potassium availability during early growth and development, water in transplants or apply AGGRAND Natural Fertilizer by dribbling into a trench below and to the side of the seed at planting.
The addition of AGGRAND Natural Kelp and Sulfate of Potash will further increase potassium availability. In the field, apply AGGRAND Natural Fertilizer as a band at planting, and add AGGRAND Natural Kelp and Sulfate of Potash to further increase potassium availability. Dilute with enough water to allow even flow rate and distribution when using liquid banded equipment (1:1/1:3 water/ AGGRAND ratio is usually sufficient).
Potassium Fertilization
Low soil test levels indicate the need for potassium fertilization, especially in soils with low cation exchange capacity (CEC) and low organic matter levels. The addition of wood ashes, sulfate of potash, kelp meal and composted manure increase soil potassium levels.
If soil cation exchange capacity and organic matter levels are low, follow recommendations for increasing organic matter levels to increase potassium availability and soil test levels. In addition to using potassium fertilizers and organic matter, applications of AGGRAND Natural Fertilizer also stimulate release of potassium. Follow application guidelines under soil organic matter for applying AGGRAND Natural Fertilizer to stimulate potassium release.
Potassium
Potassium (K) is the universal helper that flows throughout the plant, regulating osmotic balance, opening and closing of stomates and cell turgor pressure, while stimulating rooting, photosynthesis, chlorophyll formation, starch formation and translocation of sugars. Adequate potassium levels reduce plant susceptibility to insect and disease attack.
Potassium can become tightly held in the crystalline clay lattice of the soil. Loose non-compacted soils with adequate levels of organic matter are rarely low in available potassium. Practices that stimulate microbial activity, including addition of crop residue, cover cropping and broadcast applications of fish-kelp based fertilizers, release unavailable potassium.
Phosphorus Fertilization
Low soil test levels dictate the need to add phosphorus to the soil profile, which can be accomplished with the addition of soft rock phosphate or bonemeal once every 2-3 years. when used in conjunction with the application of organic matter and planting of legumes, phosphorus becomes more plant available.
AGGRAND Liquid Bonemeal 0-12-0 and AGGRAND Natural Fertilizer supply phosphorus, and are most effective when banded at planting and during early development and the prebloom stage of foliar applications. Water in transplants or apply by dribbling them into a trench below and to the side of the seed at planting. For foliar applications, apply AGGRAND Natural Fertilizer when plants are 3-6″ tall; apply as a fine mist with enough fertilizer to cover the leaves. To stimulate prolific flowering, add AGGRAND Liquid Bonemeal as a fine mist. For fruit production, use AGGRAND Natural Fertilizer in place of Liquid Bonemeal. Some crops are sensitive to nitrogen applied at this stage, which may inhibit flowering and reduce fruit quality (apples are especially sensitive). On these crops, it may be beneficial to substitute AGGRAND Natural Kelp and Sulfate of Potash 0-0-8.